\begin{thebibliography}{36}
\expandafter\ifx\csname natexlab\endcsname\relax\def\natexlab#1{#1}\fi

\bibitem[{{\it Baker and Massoth\/}(1987)}]{baker+massoth87}
Baker, E.~T., and G.~J. Massoth, Characteristics of hydrothermal plumes from
  two vent fields on the {Juan de Fuca Ridge}, northeast {Pacific Ocean}, {\it
  Earth Planet.\ Sci.\ Lett.\/}, {\it 85\/}, 59--73, 1987.

\bibitem[{{\it Bemis et~al.\/}(1993){\it Bemis, von Herzen, and
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Bemis, K.~G., R.~P. von Herzen, and M.~J. Mottl, Geothermal heat flux from
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\bibitem[{{\it Delaney et~al.\/}(1992){\it Delaney, Robigou, McDuff, and
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Delaney, J.~R., V.~Robigou, R.~E. McDuff, and M.~K. Tivey, Geology of a
  vigorous hydrothermal system on the {E}ndeavour segment, {J}uan de {F}uca
  ridge, {\it J.\ Geophys.\ Res.\/}, {\it 97\/}, 19,663--19,682, 1992.

\bibitem[{{\it Delaney et~al.\/}(1996){\it Delaney, Lilley, McDuff, Kelley,
  Wilcock, and Robigou\/}}]{delaney+96}
Delaney, J.~R., M.~Lilley, R.~E. McDuff, D.~Kelley, W.~Wilcock, and V.~Robigou,
  Cellular hydrothermal circulation in a submarine system, {\it Eos. Trans.
  AGU\/}, {\it 77\/}, 756, 1996.

\bibitem[{{\it Elvers et~al.\/}(1973){\it Elvers, Srivastava, Potter, Morley,
  and Solidel\/}}]{elvers+73}
Elvers, D., S.~Srivastava, K.~Potter, J.~Morley, and D.~Solidel, Asymmetric
  spreading across the {{Juan de Fuca and Gorda}} rises as obtained from a
  detailed magnetic survey, {\it Earth Planet.\ Sci.\ Lett.\/}, {\it 20\/},
  211--219, 1973.

\bibitem[{{\it Franks\/}(1992)}]{franks92}
Franks, S., {\it Temporal and spatial variability in the {E}ndeavour ridge
  neutrally buoyant hydrothermal plume: {P}atterns, forcing mechanisms and
  biogeochemical implications\/}, University of Washington, Seattle, USA, 1992.

\bibitem[{{\it Ginster et~al.\/}(1994){\it Ginster, Mottl, and
  Von~Herzen\/}}]{ginster+94}
Ginster, U., M.~J. Mottl, and R.~P. Von~Herzen, Heat flux from black smokers on
  the {Endeavor} and {Cleft} segments, {Juan de Fuca} ridge, {\it J.\ Geophys.\
  Res.\/}, {\it 99\/}, 4937--4950, 1994.

\bibitem[{{\it Johnson et~al.\/}(2002)}]{johnson+02}
Johnson, H., et~al., Survey studies hydrothermal circulation on the northern
  {Juan de Fuca Ridge}, {\it Eos Trans. AGU\/}, {\it 83\/}, 73--79, 2002.

\bibitem[{{\it Kappel and Ryan\/}(1986)}]{kappel+ryan86}
Kappel, E., and W.~Ryan, Volcanic episodicity and a nonsteady rift valley along
  northeast {P}acific spreading centers: Evidence from {SeaMARCI}, {\it J.\
  Geophys.\ Res.\/}, {\it 91\/}, 13,925--13,940, 1986.

\bibitem[{{\it Keller et~al.\/}(1975){\it Keller, Anderson, and
  Lavelle\/}}]{keller+75}
Keller, G.~H., S.~H. Anderson, and J.~W. Lavelle, Near-bottom currents in the
  {M}id-{A}tlantic {R}idge rift valley, {\it Can.\ J.\ Earth Sci.\/}, {\it
  12\/}, 703--710, 1975.

\bibitem[{{\it Kelley et~al.\/}(2002){\it Kelley, Baross, and
  Delaney\/}}]{kelley+02}
Kelley, D., J.~Baross, and J.~Delaney, Volcanoes, fluids, and life in submarine
  environments, {\it Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci.\/}, {\it 30\/}, 385--491,
  2002.

\bibitem[{{\it Lavelle\/}(1997)}]{lavelle97}
Lavelle, J.~W., Buoyancy-driven plumes in rotating, stratified cross flows:
  {P}lume dependence on rotation, turbulent mixing, and cross-flow strength,
  {\it J.\ Geophys.\ Res.\/}, {\it 102\/}, 3405--3402, 1997.

\bibitem[{{\it Lavelle et~al.\/}(1998){\it Lavelle, Baker, and
  Massoth\/}}]{lavelle+98}
Lavelle, J.~W., E.~T. Baker, and G.~J. Massoth, On the calculation of total
  heat, salt and tracer fluxes from ocean hydrothermal events, {\it Deep Sea
  Res., Part II\/}, {\it 45\/}, 2619--2636, 1998.

\bibitem[{{\it Lavelle et~al.\/}(2001){\it Lavelle, Wetzler, Baker, and
  Embley\/}}]{lavelle+01}
Lavelle, J.~W., M.~A. Wetzler, E.~T. Baker, and R.~W. Embley, Prospecting for
  hydrothermal vents using moored current and temperature data: {A}xial
  {V}olcano on the {J}uan de {F}uca ridge, northeast {P}acific, {\it J. Phys.
  Ocean\/}, {\it 31\/}, 827--838, 2001.

\bibitem[{{\it McDougall\/}(1990)}]{mcdougall90}
McDougall, T.~J., Bulk properties of ``hot smoker'' plumes, {\it Earth Planet.\
  Sci.\ Lett.\/}, {\it 99\/}, 185--194, 1990.

\bibitem[{{\it McDougall and Speer\/}(1999)}]{mcdougall+speer99}
McDougall, T.~J., and K.~G. Speer, Fluxes of heat and tracers in ``hot smoker''
  plumes, {\it J.\ Geophys.\ Res.\/}, {\it 104\/}, 18,301--18,304, 1999.

\bibitem[{{\it McDuff\/}(1995)}]{mcduff95}
McDuff, R.~E., Physical dynamics of deep-sea hydrothermal plumes, in {\it
  Seafloor Hydrothermal Systems: Physical, Chemical, Biological, and Geological
  Interactions\/}, edited by S.~E. Humphris, R.~A. Zierenberg, L.~S.
  Mullineaux, and R.~E. Thomson, pp. 357--368, American Geophysical Union,
  1995.

\bibitem[{{\it Middleton and Thomson\/}(1986)}]{middleton+thomson86}
Middleton, J.~H., and R.~E. Thomson, Modeling the rise of hydrothermal plumes,
  {\it Can.\ Tech.\ Rep.\ Hydrog.\ Ocean.\ Sci.\/}, {\it 69\/}, 1--18, 1986.

\bibitem[{{\it Morton\/}(1959)}]{morton59}
Morton, B.~R., Forced plumes, {\it J.\ Fluid.\ Mech.\/}, {\it 5\/}, 151--163,
  1959.

\bibitem[{{\it Murton et~al.\/}(1999){\it Murton, Redbourn, German, and
  Baker\/}}]{murton+99}
Murton, B., L.~Redbourn, C.~German, and E.~Baker, Sources and fluxes of
  hydrothermal heat, chemicals and biology within a segment of the
  {Mid-Atlantic} ridge, {\it Earth Planet.\ Sci.\ Lett.\/}, {\it 171\/},
  301--317, 1999.

\bibitem[{{\it Okubo\/}(1971)}]{okubo71}
Okubo, A., Oceanic diffusion diagrams, {\it Deep-Sea Research\/}, {\it 18\/},
  789--802, 1971.

\bibitem[{{\it Rao et~al.\/}(1989){\it Rao, Eckman, and Hosker\/}}]{rao+89}
Rao, K.~S., R.~M. Eckman, and R.~Hosker, Simulation of tracer concentration
  data in the {B}rush {C}reek drainage flow using an integrated puff model,
  {\it Journal of Applied Meteorology\/}, {\it 28\/}, 609--616, 1989.

\bibitem[{{\it Rudnicki et~al.\/}(1994){\it Rudnicki, James, and
  Elderfield\/}}]{rudnicki+94}
Rudnicki, M.~D., R.~H. James, and H.~Elderfield, Near-field variability of the
  {TAG} non-buoyant plume, 26$^\circ$n, {M}id-{A}tlantic {R}idge, {\it Earth
  Planet.\ Sci.\ Lett.\/}, {\it 127\/}, 1--10, 1994.

\bibitem[{{\it Schultz et~al.\/}(1992){\it Schultz, Delaney, and
  McDuff\/}}]{schultz+92}
Schultz, A., J.~R. Delaney, and R.~E. McDuff, On the partitioning of heat flux
  between diffuse and point source seafloor venting, {\it J.\ Geophys.\
  Res.\/}, {\it 97\/}, 12,299--12,314, 1992.

\bibitem[{{\it Speer and Rona\/}(1989)}]{speer+rona89}
Speer, K.~G., and P.~A. Rona, A model of an {A}tlantic and {P}acific
  hydrothermal plume, {\it J.\ Geophys.\ Res.\/}, {\it 94\/}, 6213--6220, 1989.

\bibitem[{{\it Stahr et~al.\/}(submitted, 2002){\it Stahr, McDuff, and
  Veirs\/}}]{stahr+02}
Stahr, F.~R., R.~E. McDuff, and S.~R. Veirs, Vertical heat flux at the {M}ain
  {E}ndeavour field, {\it Geochem.\ Geophys.\ Geosyst.\/}, submitted, 2002.

\bibitem[{{\it Thomson et~al.\/}(1992){\it Thomson, Delaney, McDuff, Janecky,
  and McClain\/}}]{thomson+92}
Thomson, R.~E., J.~R. Delaney, R.~E. McDuff, D.~R. Janecky, and J.~S. McClain,
  Physical characteristics of the {E}ndeavour ridge hydrothermal plume during
  {J}uly 1988, {\it Earth Planet.\ Sci.\ Lett.\/}, {\it 111\/}, 141--154, 1992.

\bibitem[{{\it Thomson et~al.\/}(submitted, 2002){\it Thomson, Mihaly,
  Rabinovich, McDuff, Veirs, and Stahr\/}}]{thomson+02}
Thomson, R.~E., S.~F. Mihaly, A.~B. Rabinovich, R.~E. McDuff, S.~R. Veirs, and
  F.~R. Stahr, Topographically constrained circulation at {E}ndeavour ridge:
  Implications for the colonization of hydrothermal vent fields, {\it
  Science\/}, submitted, 2002.

\bibitem[{{\it Thurnherr et~al.\/}(2002){\it Thurnherr, Richards, German,
  Lane-Serff, and Speer\/}}]{thurnherr+02}
Thurnherr, A., K.~Richards, C.~German, G.~Lane-Serff, and K.~Speer, Flow and
  mixing in the rift valley of the mid-atlantic ridge, {\it Journal of Physical
  Oceanography\/}, {\it 132\/}, 1763--1778, 2002.

\bibitem[{{\it Thurnherr\/}(2000)}]{thurnherr00}
Thurnherr, A.~M., {\it Hydrography and flow in the rift valley of the
  {Mid-Atlantic} ridge\/}, University of Southampton, England, 2000.

\bibitem[{{\it Trivett and Williams\/}(1994)}]{trivett+williams94}
Trivett, D.~A., and A.~J. Williams, Effluent from diffuse hydrothermal venting.
  2. {M}easurements of plumes from diffuse hydrothermal vents at the southern
  {Juan de Fuca Ridge}, {\it J.\ Geophys.\ Res.\/}, {\it 99\/}, 18,417--18,432,
  1994.

\bibitem[{{\it Turner and Campbell\/}(1987)}]{turner+campbell87}
Turner, J.~S., and I.~H. Campbell, Temperature, density and buoyancy fluxes in
  ``black smoker'' plumes, and the criterion for buoyancy reversal, {\it Earth
  Planet.\ Sci.\ Lett.\/}, {\it 86\/}, 85--92, 1987.

\bibitem[{{\it Veirs\/}(2003)}]{veirs03}
Veirs, S.~R., {\it Submarine volcanic heat flux and hydrography: observations
  and models of the {Main Endeavour} vent field in the northeast {P}acific\/},
  University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA, 2003.

\bibitem[{{\it Veirs et~al.\/}(1999){\it Veirs, McDuff, Lilley, and
  Delaney\/}}]{veirs+99}
Veirs, S.~R., R.~E. McDuff, M.~D. Lilley, and J.~R. Delaney, Locating
  hydrothermal vents by detecting buoyant, advected plumes, {\it J.\ Geophys.\
  Res.\/}, {\it 104\/}, 29,239--29,247, 1999.

\bibitem[{{\it Wessel and Smith\/}(1991)}]{wessel+smith91}
Wessel, P., and W.~Smith, Free software helps map and display data, {\it EOS
  Trans. AGU\/}, {\it 72\/}, 441, 1991.

\bibitem[{{\it Wetzler et~al.\/}(1998){\it Wetzler, Lavelle, Cannon, and
  Baker\/}}]{wetzler+98}
Wetzler, M.~A., J.~W. Lavelle, G.~A. Cannon, and E.~T. Baker, Variability of
  temperature and currents measured near {P}ipe {O}rgan hydrothermal vent site,
  {\it Mar.\ Geophys.\ Res.\/}, {\it 20\/}, 505--516, 1998.

\end{thebibliography}
